Buff wheel



Aug., 10 1926. 1,595,089

W. F. HALL BUFF wHEhL Filed SGP? 26 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l gw 4% 5" Zd af Za; Z\

f vwemtoz il. MLA/FHM Aug. 1o 1926.

W. F. HALL I BUFF WHEEL Filed Sept. 2 6 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FM Ummm/wot Patented Aug. 10, 1926.

UNITED ySTATES 1,595,089 PATENT OFFICE.

WESLEY F. HALL, OF MATAWAN, NEW JERSEY, .eLSSIGNOR TO A. P. MUNNING & CO. OF NEW YORK, OF NEW YORK, N Y., A'CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BUFF WHEEL.

Application iiled September 26, 1921. Serial No. 503,410.A Y

The invention relates particularly to polishing or buiiing wheels built up from pieces of flexible fabric such as muslin, can-i vas, flannel, felt, or similar material used for this purpose, the pieces ordinarily being cut from large sheets into a vform suitable for assemblage to make up the complete wheel. f

One object of the invention is to construct a buii' wheel into which the m'aterial of a A large sheet may be substantially completely CAB incorporated, without l the 'production of waste fragments left after the sheet has been cut up into pieces.

Another object is to provide 4a wheel which, when run inopposite directions for cutting and colorlng operations, will presenta Working surface which lis relatively compact in form for cutting` and soft or loose for coloring Other objects are to ysecure a wheel which.

may be accurately balanced, and in cases where woven material is used, to minimize fraying or pulling out of the threads in use.

`Further objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious and in part specifically pointed out in the description hereinafter contained, which, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, discloses apreferred embodiment of the invention; such invention, however, is to be considered merely as illustrative of its principle. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view of a sheet of material indicating lines along which the sheet may be cut to obtain pieces of such form that they may be assem led to make up a buff wheel constructed in accordance w1th the invention.

\ Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig..1, but inldicating a manner in which the sheet may be cutto obtain pieces having their Working edges inclined to both the warp and weft of a woven sheet, whereby the working face ofthe wheel may consist of the ends of the threads instead of their sides.

- Fig.- 3 is a perspective view of a buil wheel constructed in accordance with; the invention and made up of pieces similar to those indicated in-Fig. 2.

Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a planl view andan' edge view of a. portion of thefwheel shown in ig. 2. Q

-. Thefabrics from which buingwlieel of the above character are made, are-usually obtained in the form of long rolls or sheets from which the pieces are cut into proper form for assembling to make up a circular buff wheel. If the .structure of the Wheel and the relation between the pieces making up the same are such that the working edges of the pieces must be cut circular or arc' the sheet, becomes a substantial factor in the cost of the wheel.

According to the present invention, the wheel is made up of pieces of such form that substantially the entire area of a rectangular sheet of material may be divided up to .obtain the pieces without waste; nevertheless the structure of the wheel and the method of assembling the pieces to make up the same, are such that the completed wheel is substantially uniform in thickness and so approximately circular in shape in the first instance, that no substantial wastage of material results from the operation of truing up its working `face. The above and other features and advantages of the wheel will be more apparent from more detailed description hereinafter contained.

In my co-pending application SerialNo. 503,411 filed September 26, 1921, entlt-led Method of cutting material for buiing wheels, I have described la method of 'severin a rectangular sheet of material without su stantial wastage into pieces adapted to be assembled into a bui wheel constructed in accordance with this inventionn reference hereby being made to said co-pendmgapplication for a more complete description of such method.

Briefly described, a rectangular sheet 1 of suitable material may be severed along a series-of lines 2 parallel to one edge 3 of the sheet, and also along a further series of paralle] lines at an angle to lines .2, thus formparallelograms between l1nes 2 and 4 having opposite sides 2 and 4 respectlvely. .The sheet l may also be -severed along a. further series of parallel lines 5 winch divide up the parallelograms previously mentioned into polygons having diverging sides 2a and 5a respectively. Thus according to the specitic showing of Fig. l, the rectangulaisheet vl is cut up into a plurality of equal ri ht angled triangles which lutilize the wiole area of the sheet.

Tf the sheet l be of Woven material, the sides 4u of the triangles which are to make up the working face of the wheel, will be parallel to either the warp or weft, and thus the threads of the pieces which run along the working edge of the wheel might easily be frayed out or unravel, rendering the working face uneven, instead of wearing out usefully and evenly. In Fig. 2 T have illustrated a method of cutting up a sheet to obtain pieces with working edges oblique to both the warp and weft, and still substantially the ent-ire area of the sheet is useyfully employed. Tn Fig. 2 the warp' threads are indicated by numeral l0, and the wett threads by numeral 11. The sheet may be severed along a series of parallel lines corresponding to lines 2 of Fig. l, but the lines 12 of Fig. 2 which define the working edges ot the pieces, instead of extending at right angles to the lines 2, as is the case' with lines et ot Fig. 1, run obliquely across the sheet, and thus the working edges 12a of the pieces are made up of the ends of both the warp and weft threads. The sheet may be severed along further line-s 5 similar to those described in connection with Fig. 1, the result being that the sheet in the particular form of the invention indicated in Fig. 2, is cut up into isosceles triangles with their bases inclined to both the warp and weft. According to Fig. 2 the material of the lower left hand and upper right hand corners ot the sheet is cut into pieces smalle-r than those which occupy the major portion of the area of the sheet, but for the most part the smaller pieces are regular in shape and adapted for use in smaller size buit wheels; thus no substantial wastage of material is neces-. sary to obtain working edges of the. above character.

The preferred method of assembling pieces' of the above character will be described in connection with Figs. 3 to 5.

T prefer to employ pieces the working edges l2a or ta of which are substantially tangent to .a circle described about the intersection point oi' the diverging sides 2a and 5a as a centre. The pieces then may be assembled with their sides 2a and 5a extending substantially radially from the centre of the wheel to be formed, and their remaining sides or bases 12a substantially tangent to a circle described about rthe centre of the wheel to be formed, the pieces being angularly spaced to make up the complete ciry. lcle ot the wheel, and bound together in any suitable manner, as' by rows 'of stitching G (Figs. 3 and 4t), and a circular hole 7 formed at the centre to enable the wheel to be slipped over a spindle.

T prefer to assemble the pieces with the centre point of thel wheel located somewhat beyond the intersection point of their diverging sides 2a and 5a, in such' manner that the apices oi' the triangles are located adjacent the walls of the hole 7. This will result in a saving of material, since ii' a 16 wheel is to be made up, vfor example, the pieces need be cut to a length only of about 7 instead off 8, and yet suflicient material will be provided at the centre of the wheel for the hole 7.

As appears more clearly in Fig. 4, the working surface of the Wheel will be made up in the first instance of the project-ing corners 8 of the pieces, and the wheel will not have a, truly circular periphery until these corners are cut down to the circle 9 (Fig. 4L) to which the working edges 12a are tangent. Howe-ver, it ordinarily is impracticable to cut and assemble pieces of any shape so accurately as to form a wheel which is truly circular' in the first instance, and therefore the wheels are usually trued up aft-er being completed by cutting off the necessary amount ot material from the working face to form an exact circle. I prefer to formthe pieces with their working edges l2a or 4a relatively short as compared to their remaining sides, whereby only a relativelyT small fraction of each piece lies exterior to the circle 9, thus reducing the amount of material cut ol in the truing up operation. In fact, the removal of material or reduction in diameter due to the truing up operation need not be greater with pieces of the character previously described, than would be the case with other types of wheels, and thus no increase in loss of material is involved.

T prefer to make up the wheel by superposing successive pieces one against the other as indicated in Figs. .3 to 5, with each successive piece at a slight angle to the one respectively preceding, overlaps the adjacent one slightly, the pieces being successively superposed until the complete circle of the wheel is formed by overlapping the last piece with the lirst. Thus a whe l unit is formed of a thickness commensurate with one which would be obtained by assembling a number of fiat layers or plies, the thickness of the unit depending upon the angularity between the several pieces. The utility of this method of assemblage obviously is not limited to the .particular form of p1eces previously described.

It will be noted that the working surface of a wheel built up in the above manner 1s .made up' of edges of the pieces which are inclined to the plane of the wheel, and thus each edge has a draw cutting actionjwliich whereby each piece is advantageous in use, and tends to make the wheel cut and wear away evenly. Furthermore, the entire periphery of the Wheel is substantially symmetrical as regards both the warp and weft, and if the pieces be cut in the first instance with their working edg-es oblique to the warp and weft, the symmetrical disposition of such pieces with respect to the periphery of the wheel will bring about the result that the whole cutting surface is made up of the ends of the threads, Without the disadvantage of threads running along the cutting surface which are liable to fray a softer and looser wheel periphery i-s desirable. Figs. 3 and 5 show a buE wheel made up of two sections or units 13 and 14 each of the structure previously described, but with the working edges of the pieces oppositely inclined to the plane of the wheel, re-

sulting in a wheel face of a herring bone appearance. It will be noted that the side edges of the pieces in each unit are exposed at the side of the wheel, and thus when the latter rotates at a high velocity in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 3, the effect of the air resistance upon the pieces is to flatten down their sid-e edges, rendering the surface of the Wheel particularly advantageous for cutting down operations. On the other hand, if the Wheel b e run in the opposite direction, the action of the air upon the inclined cutting edges and exposed side edges of the pieces tends to spread the same, and thus bring about a working surface which is soft and loose, and therefore particularly advantageous for coloring.

While certain embodiments of the invention have been described, it is obvious that many changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention Y as defined in the following claim.

I claim: .v

A buff -Wheel comprising two separate series of fabric pieces .angularly stepped and lapped to make up complete circles, the working edges of the pieces in the said series being oppositely inclined to the plane of the wheel. p

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of September, 1921.

WESLEY F. HALL. 

